Old is Gold!

Rani ki vav, stepwell in Patan, Gujrat
https://www.heritagehotelsofindia.com/blog/wp-content/uploads
/2017/07/rani-ki-vav.jpg

However modern you are, you still cherish that artefact you received from your grandparents or great grandparents; be it a piece of jewellery, a Saree, an antique chest or a pen. It means world to you! Sometimes you may get to use it or sometimes you may not, but it’s value is ever enriching for you. I hope all of you have experienced this. What could be the reason? It’s not just about the design, material and craftsmanship of that artifact but the ties it carries with it from your ancestors to you. It is because of this story, heritage you take immense pride to share this treasure with your friends. They too like it and appreciate the story of it. You take all the efforts to preserve and maintain it so that you can hand it over to your coming generations as a legacy. This we are talking about at your family level. Similar pride, efforts and curiosity we must show for our local and national level heritage in art, culture and architecture.

Historic monument in our area brings in the unique identity and character to the place. It tells us stories about our earlier generations. Otherwise with globalisation all the built structures around us look alike. Unfortunately, local material, climatic conditions, local art and culture etc. do not influence the design of current urban or even rural buildings. With this scenario it becomes all the more important to preserve historic architectural treasures for our future generations to make them aware about our history and culture.

Hawa Mahal, Jaipur
http://www.indiatraveltimes.com/review/review2005/hawa_mahal.html

Conservation architects contribute to preserve and maintain such historic structures and sites which are identified as cultural heritage sites. Scope of conservation architect varies from working on actual site to restore or preserve the damaged structure, to develop Interpretation centers nearby the heritage site to enrich tourists with experiences of the site’s heritage assets, to come up with guidelines for development of peripheral area of the heritage site to ensure that the new constructions are not in any conflict with existing heritage site. While working on actual site they need to study the about historical context of the site, materials and technology used then. Designers work on how those materials could be procured and used or develop new materials that can gel with existing materials as the focus is not to loose original character of the structure.

Large monuments are taken care by the national level organizations but there are many interesting sites at local level having historical thread, great craftsmanship or other heritage relevance. Intense efforts from local authorities, organisations and communities would benefit preservation of such sites in interest of our own cultural pride. Organisations like INTACH are working in this area. Awareness among citizens for preserving our heritage site would encourage efforts at community level.

Bomonjee Hormarjee Wadia Fountain and Clock Tower, Fort
http://www.zoom4india.com/news/national/item/241056-mumbai-
wins-big-at-unesco-asia-pacific-awards.html

Heritage site need not be a built structure or a complex, it could be a public space like a square or a neighbourhood. Kala Ghoda square, Khotachi wadi, Girgaum and Wadia fountain and clock tower in Mumbai are good examples of such conserved heritage sites. Tourists visiting the heritage places while exploring new places many a times expect to enjoy and relive the glorious historic experiences. This leads to turn such places into recreational places which is no good to preserve these places for longer duration. As a responsible tourist we should understand importance of our historical heritage, respect efforts of the team contributing to preserve these treasures for generations to come and co-operate by following all rules mentioned by the authorities like not touching the surfaces or not using harsh lights that will damage the surfaces.

I hope this read highlights the importance and role of design activities not only in creating new spaces and structures but also in preserving old treasures of our history to make them shine like gold for centuries to come!

Some useful links:

http://www.vervemagazine.in/travel-and-spaces/7-indian-heritage-sites-which-were-honoured-by-unesco-in-2017

https://youtu.be/TMjHeTBIZt0

https://youtu.be/pUzVbYSwvnQ

https://youtu.be/DbS-vL7VZdo

https://youtu.be/Xw5pHtWZ8d8

https://youtu.be/Hfy0sYteFYw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PlUu6jAq3K4

Weaving beautiful city fabric

People interacting at public spaces 

Image source:http://sabarmatiriverfront.com/project/riverfront-park-subhash-bridge

I am sure all of us have a favorite corner in our house which just calms us down or energies. It could be reading space, thinking space or your relaxing space. Now think if you have any such favorite zone or space in your city the energies you; which you look forward to visit quite often. It might not be an easy task to recollect this as we hardly think about it. But given a thought you would certainly remember few such spaces around in your city where you like to spend time alone or with your friends or family. It could be a traditional bazaar or a park or a street or a bridge or a public square near college. Well designed urban spaces bring in character to the city or town.

The branch that deals with design of urban spaces is referred as ‘Urban Design’. Urban designer work to make spaces in cities more people centric. In other words, design public spaces to facilitate sustainable, functional and aesthetically pleasing lifestyle to residents and visitors. Buildings, public spaces, streets, transport systems, landscapes are physical elements that define cities fabric. Urban designer plays with these elements to craft better experiences for the citizen.

The experience of doing any activity or task in a well-designed space becomes enjoyable and soothing. A comparative example can illustrate this point better. Try to remember your travel experience at terminal T2 and any suburban train station in Mumbai. Time spent at terminal T2 airport before boarding the aeroplane is very different from that spent at the railway station before one boards the train. This difference is the result of the way both these spaces have been designed. Apart from being functionally well designed to cater to the needs of passengers; at terminal T2 the spaces are aesthetically pleasing too. It goes beyond satisfying the basic needs like waiting area, restrooms etc, providing many options for passengers to spend their waiting time fruitfully alone or with others. This is how people centric design affects the lifestyle.

Different experiences of waiting at Terminal T2 Airport and Train station in Mumbai
Image source : https://thepointsguy.com https://www.hindustantimes.com

With design intervention public spaces that people use on daily basis can be thoughtfully done so that people can enjoy their everyday life and need not have to wait till weekend to have fun. Easily accessible natural elements like parks or landscaped waterfronts can be breather during lunch or other breaks from work. Such spaces aid interaction among the residents to bring in togetherness. Some urban spaces can integrate platforms for various art performances by citizens and enrich life experiences.

Urban designer can work on private projects like neighbourhood centers, commercial complexes or bigger size residential projects as well as government undertaken projects like riverfront development, transport systems, heritage site development, public squares etc. to name a few. They work in coordination with architects, landscape architects, transport planners, urban planners etc. It is interesting to know the difference between urban planning and urban design. While planning is more about two-dimensional zoning for land use, transportation planning, economic development; urban design deals with three-dimensional spaces for much smaller areas in the city like streetscape, public squares etc.

I hope this read throws some light on role of urban design in our lives and makes us aware about how important it is for every city. And enables us to have a participatory contribution in making our cities more meaningful!

   

Some useful links:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hy4QjmKzF1c

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LfAJNuG4frU

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yz5ylrE9Gj0

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N9v3MkEsK_U

In love with the Nature!

Public park under flyover in Mumbai

Image source: http://www.freepressjournal.in/mumbai/mumbai-after-

matunga-bmc-to-set-up-more-gardens-under-city-flyovers/1239263

I don’t think there would be anyone who would not enjoy being with natural elements like trees, water-bodies, soil, rock. Urban people are looking for an opportunity to have a long weekend and get rejuvenated through short outing in a natural setting. In current scenario urban areas have very less outdoor or green spaces compared to the large built spaces accommodating vast population. Small green pockets act like breather in surrounding concrete jungles. Even in small houses people try to grow plants indoor and connect with the outdoor spaces as that’s the human nature.

The branch of the architecture that deals with design of unbuilt or outdoor spaces is called landscape architecture. As mentioned earlier human needs shelter or built spaces for certain activities. But outdoor activities are inseparable part of human life. Well designed built spaces enrich the experience of those spaces similarly well designed/ landscaped outdoor spaces enrich the experience of the unbuilt spaces. 

Where do you see such unbuilt spaces in your day-to-day life? The terrace garden, children’s play area, neighbourhood parks, schools, open spaces in commercial complexes. Offices, industries, institutional complexes etc. Try to remember different children play area where you had played as child. You must have appreciated one of it the best for the experience that you had there. You might not have realised then that it’s because of the design.

Mughal Garden Srinagar
Image source :http://www.globalvisiontours.com/Kashmir/images/
srinagar/The%20Mughal%20Gardens3.jpg

Planning of different zones, design of pathways, trellis, water bodies, details like materials used for pathways, lights etc., choice of trees plant are the factors contributing to a well-designed landscape architecture. Its not about only beatification or tree plantation. Like architecture, landscape architecture too involves deep research before designing stage. Landscape architect understands soil, local foliage, water properties, people’s behavior, needs of the society, culture. Based of this study they propose different spaces or activities in outdoor areas of the site. They work in coordination with architect and come up with best integration of indoor and outdoor spaces. They work with horticulturist to better manage, preserve and maintain sustainability of the site and the design. They coordinate with environmental psychologist to propose better usage of unbuilt spaces for benefit of the society.  Landscape architecture is thus a complex activity and is better accomplished with team work for huge sites.

Japanese Garden
Image source: http://www.japanesehouse.org/about-us/sub-2/

Historically different regions demonstrate rich traditions in landscape designs. Mughal architecture, roman architecture, Japanese architecture have their own design principle for landscape designs. I am sure you must have experienced visiting these intriguing landscape designs.

Unbuilt spaces are always perceived as part of only huge sites like resort, institutional campuses, offices etc.

Open to sky courtyard in traditional house
Image source:http://www.darts-design.com/traditional
-indian-house-designs/tremendeous-traditional-indian-house-
designs-traditional-indian-home-designs-mellydia-mellydia/

But traditionally our individual houses too had open spaces like interior open to sky courtyard, front and backyard. 

All these spaces had own charm owing to how it was designed by the owner. Nowadays too interiors have plantation and are designed by interior landscape designers.

I wish we succeed in connecting our young generation well with unbuilt spaces and nature through well landscape architecture and bring back much needed environmental balance!

Some useful links

https://thirdskinarchitecture.com/architecture/the-importance-of-design-the-landscape-in-architecture/

https://youtu.be/Ee0tteeLa9w

https://youtu.be/jsfCRJZ-qWU

https://youtu.be/PcJSDt8AvZc

Making other’s dream come true!

Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport, Mumbai

Image source: http://www.designmena.com/portfolio/10-contemporary-

structures-across-india-that-celebrate-the-countrys-various-identities

After knowing the parameters about appreciating architecture, it would be interesting to know few things about creative process of designing such built forms. Every designer has his/her own process evolved through work experience and design philosophy but the framework that is followed is more or less similar.

It starts with a design brief from client. Client has a piece of land, purpose for building, budget, timeline and few ideas about the built form. Client shares his/her dreams about this new building with architect. Further process has road map with these phases – analysis, synthesis, evaluation and execution.

Ar. Doshi’s Office, Sangath

Image source: https://www.wallpaper.com/architecture/
pritzker-prize-winner-balkrishna-doshi

Analysis phase is research, the ground work before actual sketching process start. Designer studies site, activity and people for whom the structure has to be built. This is an intense activity. Site analysis includes study of terrain; if it’s flat land or contoured, soil quality which will determine structural specifications. Climate at macro and micro level is studied to understand wind and Sun directions, day and night temperatures during different seasons, rain or snowfall details. As primary need of any built form is to provide shelter we expect interior spaces to be comfortable for whatever purpose it is meant for. The climatic study helps to make decisions for good lighting, ventilation, shading devices, rood design, better utilization of natural resources like solar energy, rain water harvesting. Climate responsive architecture becomes more sustainable. E.g. Thick mud walls with small openings in traditional homes in hot dry climate of Rajasthan keep interior spaces cool and comfortable without air conditioning equipment. Open to sky courtyards and verandahs serves multipurpose spaces in warm climate. 

Zoning diagram

Image source: https://i.pinimg.com/474x/46/b8/5c/46b85c

53139698d04fe686fe71f12098--schematic-design-architecture-

bubble-diagram-architecture.jpg

Contexts plays important role in the design activity. Contexts could vary from site surroundings, cultural or historical background of the region, any special requirement by client or for activity in proposed building. Micro climate of the site is governed by adjacent surroundings. Wind direction on the site may get affected due to trees or a high-rise structure on neighboring land in that direction. Not only climatic factors but other factors like noise, air quality etc affects because of surroundings. E.g. If there is a busy road adjacent to the site; quiet spaces like bed or study areas could be planned away from it.

Many great architectural works are influenced by cultural or traditional architecture in terms of a motif or pattern or spaces or layout. E.g. Chhatrapati Shivaji International airport is an example of contemporary architecture demonstrating spaces, column roof surfaces, Jali on window screen influenced by traditional contexts.

During the research phase, other constraints like statutory requirements, availability of labour, local material and technology are also studied.   

Study model

Image source: http://www.dianakokoszka.com/arch/

Based on insights from such exhaustive analysis architect starts sketching layouts with zonal planning and further refining it to design options. Making study models is integral part of this process. Through such models architect explores many ideas from concept to three dimensional form. This is an iterative process, number of models are made to fine tune ideas. This journey leads to refined design options. These are then presented to the client. Client can visualize realistic spaces through digital 3D walk-through animations. Final design is selected and developed further for structural execution. Different teams like structural design, service design, landscape design, interior design work hand in hand to come up with final design. These teams work in coordination from planning till execution of the built structure.

Housing project by Ar. Laurie Baker

Image Source: http://lauriebaker.net/

Though this meticulous process is followed by many designers, not all structures are masterpieces. I believe philosophy of the designer plays vital role in this success. Master architects follow their design philosophy which makes the difference. E.g. Notable Architect Laurie Baker dedicated his life to design low tech architecture for common people of India suitable to tropical climate. Architect Charles Correa and B. V. Doshi demonstrated perfect execution of modernism with deeper understanding of rich cultural heritage of India.

By designing great built spaces designers are not only making their own dreams come true but offering opportunity to people to feel and live in their dream spaces!

Some useful links

https://www.lcfisher-architect.com/process

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k7iX99qjDnU

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yVkibA7PUp0

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DRO_rIkywxQ

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VySgmUN8jwo

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YaFnl8KcCyY

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vmHoGicPQQQ

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CqQumzZVa1U

Seeking happiness through brick and mortar

The Musical Pillars Of The Vittala Temple in Hampi 

Image source: http://www.themysteriousindia.net/singing-pillars-hampi/

A glance at bunch of flowers on a tree or in a vase brings in joy but only if one has time for that glance. The joy could be doubled up by sparing time to experience the fragrance, colours and freshness of those flowers. The point I am trying to make is that there are so many beautiful things around we can seek enjoyment by appreciating those.

Travel brings in opportunity to explore many new things such as places, food, culture, people. ‘Built structures’ is an inseparable part of this list. I am sure there are many such buildings or structures that you have visited and you cherish those memories. Those structure have left some impact on you. Digging dip if you try to find out what is that element that has contributed to make it a lasting memory in you? May be form of the overall building or its hugeness, or the intricate carving. It may happen that you are not able to analyse what is it? You could just feel that you enjoyed being there so much that even if you are not there physically just by closing your eyes and recollecting that experience it. You can re-live the joy you had then, being there in that structure.

Without knowing anything about how to appreciate architecture many of us have experienced this which I am sure could be enhanced with little know how of architecture appreciation. It’s a misconception that only those who have keen eye towards visual art can understand and appreciate architecture well, ‘taking’ interest is what matters. I believe anyone and everyone can train themselves to appreciate architecture. One has to make conscious efforts towards it. I would like to discuss few parameters here regarding it.

‘Built structures’ includes man made buildings for domestic or commercial purposes as well as structures which are not for human occupancy such as bridge, dam, tower, gate, stadium, tunnel, underwater habitat, monuments etc. Structures could never be designed in isolation without any influence of society. There are many contexts like cultural, historical, political, climatic, material and technological innovations, current trends etc. If we understand context broadly the meaning or thought behind the building design starts unfolding. We understand the reason behind why it is built the way it has been. Why the openings are small or big, why form is rectangular or curvy, why those colours and textures and so on. The journey inside and outside the structure becomes more meaningful!

Matrimandir Auroville

Image source: https://www.yoninja.com/listing/auroville/

Lotus temple, Delhi 

Image source: https://www.pinterest.com/pin/495888608960839255/

 When we say architecture, our attention is drawn to the solid walls, columns and rood but the space that is created by walls and roof contributes a lot in the experience. As it is intangible it may get unnoticed but built structures are about spatial experience. The meditation hall at lotus temple, Delhi and Matrimandir, Auroville are both spaces for meditation but both spaces have unique experience, different from each other.

The beauty of structures lies in proportions. Proportions are relation of its parts with each other and with the whole structure. Relation of its length to width and height is proportions. Balanced proportions give inherent beauty to the structure as well as spaces created. Embellishments like carving, paintings, textures further compliment this beauty. Keen eye to smallest details of joinery, materials, finishes makes structure look perfect.

Scale of the structure as well as space is another aspect which contributes to psychological experience. Scale is the size of structure compared to human size. Huge scaled structures like Eiffel Tower or Taj Mahal makes one feel it’s grandeur while small scale structure like a tree house makes one feel warm and cozy.

Eiffel Tower 

Image source: http://tower-engineer.com

/index_files/Page1040.htm

Taj Mahal

Image source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/

The_Taj_Mahal%2CAgra.jpg

Innovation is another factor which makes us appreciate the structure more. Innovation could be in any aspect like technology or design philosophy of the designer or treatment of spaces. Golden gate bridge, musical pillars of temple of Hampi are examples of innovation in architecture.

To summarize contexts, spaces, proportions, scale, detailing, innovation are aspects which one can look for to appreciate any built form. I hope this read helps many of you to seek joy and happiness by appreciating built forms that you visit next time!

Some useful links:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iQsnObyii4Q

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pSbjVgpXDoA&list=PLFN-cN9J9olZka9ssnHTt-dDnDZ1SL6x6

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ykVBV07fO0I

Bag the world in your bag!

Image Source: https://theculturetrip.com/europe/italy/articles/
the-best-markets-in-florence-Italy/

It should have minimum three compartments or a long strap or it should turn into a backpack, it should be small enough to be carried easily and big enough to accommodate all my essentials. It should complement my dress. Do you remember your wish list while buying a new bag? It keeps changing every time according to purpose of the bag. For different occasions things you need to carry are different and so is the size and style of your bag.When you are buying a bag, you have clarity in mind about its functional requirement. Still just try to remember how many times it happens that you make your buying decision quickly within 10-15 minutes. It takes time to finalize the one you want. There are shelves full of bags offering variety in styles for the each type. It’s a task to choose one from those. Deciding about functional requirements is easy than selecting the style, pattern, colours and materials. That is where designer’s contribution comes into play. The types and sizes of bags are fixed like tote, sling, backpack, clutch, messenger, wristlet, flap etc. Creative process that the designer follows leads him/ her to put together the materials in the final shape as a stylish bag.

Image Source: https://noelletierney.files.wordpress.com/2012/04/
andres-parada-concept-development-wacom-design-
exposed-design-exposed-industrial-design.jpg

Every designer has his/her own approach to design their dream products. Some find their inspiration in the material itself. The study of properties of materials, its texture or colour leads designer to a story and a design. In some cases it is the design of a fastener or a detailing technique that clicks a beautiful design in their mind. For some the inspiration comes from nature or things around. Many times it happens that designer starts the design with some idea in mind but during the process it gets evolved to something very different than original idea and more beautiful than expected.

For products like bags where style is as important as the functional requirements or more important in many types, it’s a challenge for designer to achieve the style that will catch buyer’s attention from the shelf and make the user feel ‘Yes! This is what I am looking for!’ A well designed product is successful to arouse emotional connect between the user and the product and brings it to level of experiential design.Design journey starts with inspiration or theme for collection. Deep research on theme brings in a story in designer’s mind to start with sketches. The story further links to select materials with appropriate colour, texture, pattern, manufacturing technique, fastener details.

Image Source:https://alicegordenker.wordpress.com/2012/03/19/

For each design or story number of sketches are made. The best one satisfying most requirements in the design brief is selected and further worked upon. Each details like where would buckle /zipper fit in, how would it open or close, how would the strap fix on bag, how will edges be finished, what will be the sequence of actions during manufacturing. Prototype gives further insights about detailing which helps to make final product even better. Advancement in new technology and materials equip designers to come up with advance products but the process helps them to bridge the gap between bag sketch on paper and the final product in customer’s hand.During start of the design process designer dreams about a bag. His/her hard work and creative journey of design process leads him/her to make that dream come true and in the end to bag customer’s attention and satisfaction!

Some useful links

https://youtu.be/8w9TKO_lAR0

https://youtu.be/DdKkHhlZW0I

https://youtu.be/-IRmoeaFgfw

https://youtu.be/giJ8u8N5qPM

http://fashionarium.com/post/9544095454/the-design-process-behind-a-handbag-collection

Stepping into the shoes of a shoe designer

Image source:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
The_Red_Shoes_(1948_film)#/media

I am sure each one of us have at least 3 to 4 pairs of shoes. That's the basic minimum. (Though my 4 year old niece tells me that one needs at least a rack full of shoes like she has! :D) Basic function of shoes is to protect feet. One pair is enough to serve this purpose, but shoes that one wears while jogging cannot be worn to work. As protecting feet is not the only purpose, it has to suit your dressing too. Being well aware about the ill effects of wearing high heels shoes, just to make their legs more attractive women wear it! Style and comfort are also other 'functions' that a pair of shoes need to satisfy.
Comfort and style required for one action is different than other. This is the reason why we see a wide range of shoe types adorning shelves in retail showrooms. Basic categories are formal, informal/casual, athletic/performance shoes. Many other actions can be categorised under these basic types. Going to office, semi formal parties, attending a wedding are all occasions where one needs to wear formal shoes. Catching up a movie, outing with friends and family, leisure travel etc are informal occasions where one need not be very formal but adopt trendy look with casual footwear, which could be sneakers, loafers, slip – ons, sandals, flip-flops, clogs and so on. Athletic or sports shoes are used for various athletic activities like walking, jogging, running, gym and other specialised sports like football, basketball, badminton, tennis etc. 

Apart from this classification, shoes are also categorised as per the seasonal usage. During harsh winters boots covering not only feet but legs till knees or thighs are preferred. Open sandals or canvas shoes are comfortable for dry hot climates. Rubber shoes offer better resistance to muddy and slippery conditions due to high rainfall. Thus, climatic or weather conditions is one of the parameters for shoe design.  
The priority of style and comfort varies depending on the activity. e.g. in formal shoes, style is more important but for leisure activities comfort is utmost important, off course along with style. 

Marker Renderings By Stephen Lukes
Image source:http://conceptkicks.com/tag/marker/

Designing a shoe might look an easy task but it is quite challenging. Designers are involved in research studying the activity for which the shoe is going to be designed. They understand what role style and comfort plays in that activity by observing the users. Depending on the activity, what could be the suitable material for different parts like sole and upper is decided. Different materials like leather, canvas, other fabrics, rubber have different properties which are studied as part of research. This study helps to understand potential of the material and techniques that need to be used to manufacture the shoe. The way material gets folded to create the 3D cavity for foot, leads to many interesting details which can be wisely used as design elements. Fastening details for shoes can become part of embellishment to add up to the style of shoe. 
In case of athletic shoes, ergonomics plays an important role to enhance performance of the athlete. Ergonomics is the study of human dimensions and recommended postures. Designers step into athlete's shoes to understand their needs better. Research team is continuously working on new materials and technologies to improve performance, avoid injuries to the athlete. Innovation in materials and technologies lead to new designs, forms, textures and styles. e.g, Crocs is a design based on it's material. Memory foam used in Skechers shoe offer great comfort to the user.

Diamond Walker bespoke shoes - shoe making process
Image source:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FILYbLR2j2o

Lot of sketches are developed based on this research and design brief to check out different possibilities. Prototypes are made. Depending on the manufacturing facility sequence of manufacturing process is developed for each design. Some design houses believe in handcrafted workmanship, some of them have a blend of machine and craft work while in many places shoes are produced completely mechanically.
This gives us a fair idea about the complex work of a shoe designer. It is so specialised that there are designers who have been working on a specialised category of shoes throughout their career. Very few work across all different categories. It's not easy to be into shoes of a shoe designer! 

Some useful links
https://youtu.be/xJigV_vo0YA
https://youtu.be/b5Pp9wROkPo
https://youtu.be/XfrK-n-ek-E
https://youtu.be/Gt-EpA8vwgk
https://youtu.be/DdKkHhlZW0I
https://youtu.be/fE0G1L4rEJw
https://youtu.be/4J_kxwT9zX4
https://www.worldfootwear.com/news/2-high-tech-innovations-that-will-change-the-footwear-industry/2454.html